> [!summary] Progressive Summary
First heard about this book from [[Wealth Supremacy]]
# Structured Notes
## Definitions
## Chapter Summaries
### Introduction - Thinking in World Orders
There are different schools of neoliberal thought.
Chicago School
- Milton Friedman
- Aaron Director
- Richard Posner
Freiburg School
- birthplace of German ordoliberalism
- Walter Eucken
- Franz Böhm
Geneva School
- Wilhelm Röpke
- Ludwig von Mises
- Michael Heilperin
- Hayek
- Lionel Robbins
- Gottfried Haberler
- Jan Tumlir
- Frieder Roessler
- Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann
> Most histories of the neoliberal movement begin in continental Europe with the meetings in the 1930s and 1940s but shift their gaze to the United States and Great Britain ahead of the neoliberal breakthrough of Reagan and Thatcher in the 1980s. This shift is accompanied by a pointed focus on the Chicago School, and Friedman in particular.
The real focus of neoliberals is not on markets, but on re-designing laws, states and other institutions in order to protect the market.
European liberals of the Geneva school were most attentive to the international order. After the decline of the imperial order, they began thinking about how to protect their access to markets. Unlike Americans, they did not have access to a huge domestic market. Geneva (later the home of the WTO) became the spiritual capital of the neoliberal thinkers who were trying to solve the puzzle of post-imperial order.
> What neoliberals seek is not a partial but a complete protection of private capital rights, and the ability of supranational judiciary bodies like the European Court of Justice and the WTO to override national legislation that might disrupt the global rights of capital.
> This narrative places neoliberalism in history. It traces neoliberal globalism as an intellectual project that began in the ashes of the Habsburg Empire and climaxed in the creation of the WTO. It shows that ordoglobalism was a way of living with the fact that the nation-state had become an enduring fixture of the modern world.
Neoliberalism was about militant globalism, not market fundamentalism.
> Ordoglobalism was haunted by two puzzles across the twentieth century: first, how to rely on democracy, given democracy’s capacity to destroy itself; and second, how to rely on nations, given nationalism’s capacity to “disintegrate the world.”
> I argue that the encasement of the market in a spirit of militant globalism is a better way of describing the international dimensions of the neoliberal project than the Polanyian terms of disembedding the economy according to a doctrine of market fundamentalism.
# Quotes
# References